Costco wholesale corporation (Marketing Mix 7P's) Essay

Costco wholesale corporation (Marketing Mix 7P's) - Essay Example The study consists of 7Ps of Costco Wholesale Corporation. So that this will helps to analysis price, place, promotion, product, people, process and physical evidence of Costco Wholesale Corporation.   1.2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Costco Wholesale Corporation offers various categories of products to its consumers. So that the product is useful to both wholesalers as well as those who want the product for their private use.   Members of the Costco Wholesale Corporation can also shop for personal brand Kirkland brand name goods, designed to be of equivalent or superior quality than nationwide brand names. Such product includes coffee, cookies, luggage, detergent, juice, appliances, tires house ware items etc. Various â€Å"Categories of the Costco products include groceries, candy, appliances, television and media, automotive supplies, tires, toys, hardware, sporting goods, jewellery, watches, cameras, books, house wares, apparel, healt h and beauty aids, tobacco, furniture, office supplies and office equipment. Costco is known for carrying top quality national and regional brands, with 100% satisfaction guaranteed, at prices consistently below traditional wholesale or retail outlets† (Company profile, 2010). ... Other than differentiating the product offered by the Costco Wholesale Corporation from its competitors, this procedure should guarantee that the product is different from every other goods the business offers. â€Å"The challenge company’s face in creating product differentiation is to come up with a strategy which not only creates value for buyers, but also makes it difficult for rival companies to emulate. Whatever the company does to achieve this can be termed as a product differentiation strategy† (Product Differentiation, 2011). A flourishing product differentiation policy will shift the rivalry of the manufactured goods from cost to other non-price features. This assists the business to reinforce its position in the marketplace to enlarge in trades and the direct result of a high-quality product discrimination approach and implementation. 1.3 PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Promotion of warehouse products represents the various view of communication in the marketing activity. Promotion in the case of service is different from the promotion activity of the product. It helps to generate positive as well as negative reaction about the product. â€Å"Promotion includes advertising, public relations, sales promotion and personal selling† (Lamb., Hair & McDaniel, 2009. pg 47). Costco Wholesale Corporation is mainly promoted through Publish Medias, TV, broadcasting, internet, leisure program etc†¦ Publish Medias comprise ad in news term paper, magazine etc. These ad provide the various information regarding the type of product with there prices. Promotion through the T V media consists of the ad through different state and global channel. Promotion of the product offered

Women Role in Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women Role in Society - Essay Example Today, women share the same political and civil rights as men. They can vote and they can even be elected and appointed in public office. They can own property, they can practice profession and in all aspects of the law, they are considered as equal. Discrimination is even punished. As such, women now are no longer expected to just stay at home and rear their children. They can now pursue any career that they like. They are free to endeavor on anything. Although it still is challenging for them, we see women executives and politicians. And society actually looks up at successful, career-oriented women. However, being a woman, the demands of motherhood is still present. Despite having a career, mothers still have the responsibility to take care of their children. As such, the problem of women now has a different face. It is no longer discrimination or oppression. Now, their problem involve, them being torn between pursuing a career and the demands of child rearing. Personally, I would like my wife to remain at home to take care of me and the kids. But I know that way of thinking will be frowned upon. Society now dictates that the modern woman be career-oriented. Being a housewife is considered old-fashioned and pass. I don't want my wife to be called old-fashioned. And I don't want to be scorned as I will be depriving my wife of her opportunity to pursue a career. However, I find the essay of Danielle Crittenden very interesting. My impression of her is that she was born in the time civil and political rights was already equal between men and women. As such, she does not share the same sentiments as Stanton, Adams, Wollstonecraft and Wolfe. She does not have that extremely strong drive to prove herself as capable and worthy as any man. Because at the time that she was born, equality between men and women has already been established. As such, Crittenden was not ashamed to admit that motherhood is equally important to women. That it is also hard for mothers to leave their children while they work away from home. That while society demands that the modern woman be career-oriented, a mother cannot easily brush off the longing to personally take care of her child at home. In my opinion, women now face a different kind of pressure. Because of the work of a lot of female activists to grant women the equal status that they enjoy today, modern women feels compelled, that it is their responsibility to keep it that way. To voluntarily submit and be limited to housework would be throwing away all the years of advocacy for equal opportunity that women like Stanton worked hard to achieve. As such, women feel ashamed to fall back into the old-fashioned state of women. They feel that they should do more than just stay home and take care of the household. That they could do better than just become a housewife. I do not agree with this line of thinking. Being a housewife is not an easy task. It may not be as glamorous but it is difficult just the same. The house doesn't clean by itself. The clothes don't wash themselves either. And the babies, they can't feed on their own, they can't change their own diapers. That's why I don't understand why they get less respect from society. They do hard work

Genetic Study of Olive Plants

Genetic Study of Olive Plants Introduction Oleaceae family comprises 24 genus which consists of 600 species and its members can be found all over the world. One of the first cultivated agricultural tree crops within Oleaceae family is the olive Olea europaea L which is usually used for production of table olives and edible oil. Olive is the native plant in coastal regions of Mediterranean and there are more than 86 varieties of Europea species found in Anatolia of Turkey. Turkey is known to be one of the largest producers of olive oil and the first producer of black table olive among all the countries in the world. Majority of the black table olive that produced by Turkey is the cultivar of Gemlik which represents 80% of the production. Therefore, many researches in Turkey are mainly focused on molecular and classical breeding program for Gemlik cultivar due to its economical importance. It is essential to have the genetic studies in olive plants in order to understand the genetic mechanisms and hence to improve the quality and quantity of products. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) which are obtained from the single-pass complementary DNA (cDNA) sequencing can provide genetic information of an organism. Since EST is generated with gene that expressed at certain stage or tissue of organism, the information on mature transcripts for coding region of genome can be shown by EST. Hence, EST databases are useful for functional studies, gene and marker discovery, and gene mapping. Currently, EST libraries for more than 40 plant species are established for providing information that is important for functional genomics studies in which the putative functions of genes can be deduced by searching for homologies with known genes. Before this study, there were just around one thousand EST sequences which were available in GenBank database on February 2009. The EST studies for olives are obviously insufficient and lacking of sequence information may limit the genetic studies in olive plants. In this paper, two separate cDNA libraries which were constructed from young leaves and olive fruits for olive cultivar Gemlik were used to establish a rich EST collection. Clones which were obtained from the cDNA libraries were sequenced to generate ESTs. These sequences were assembled and clustered by using specific software and they were then deposited in GenBank database. Annotation of the generated EST sequences was performed using BLAST and BLAST2GO. Method of preparing Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) database The research material used in this study was the olive (O. europea) cultivar Gemlik (G 20/1). The methodology that involved in preparing EST database for Olea europaea was described by Ozgenturk et al. (2010). Before constructing cDNA library, total RNA was isolated from young leaves and unripe olive fruits by using the RNA extraction kit. In this paper, RNeasy Plant Miniprep kit was used for total RNA extraction. Total RNA was treated with the Oligotex mRNA Mini Kit to obtain purified mRNA. The isolated mRNAs were collected and utilized for constructing two separate cDNA libraries. Since RNA molecules are very unstable and difficult to amplify, it is important to convert mRNAs into cDNAs which are more stable in order to analyse the information carried by mRNA molecules (Mullinax Sorge, 2003; Tovey, 2011). The cDNA libraries can be constructed with the isolated mRNAs by using a cDNA library construction kit and the CloneMiner cDNA Library Construction Kit was used in this paper. Briefly, a double-stranded cDNA (ds cDNA) was first synthesised from mRNA by using primers provided in the kit. For the first strand synthesis, biotin-attB2-Oligo(dT) primer bound to the poly(A) tail of mRNA and the mRNA was used as the template for reverse transcription by SuperScriptTM ΙΙ Reverse Transcriptase. The newly synthesised single-stranded cDNA (ss cDNA) served as the template for second strand synthesis by Escherichia coli DNA Polymerase ÃŽâ„¢. attB1 sequence was then incorporated to the 5’ end of ds cDNA by attB1 Adapter. The synthesized ds cDNA was ligated into pDONR222 vector and transformed into competent E. coli strain DH5. The two cDNA libraries were plated onto LB-kanamycin agar plates. Individual colonies formed on the plates were picked into 384-well plates which containing SOB medium and incubated overnight. The cDNA libraries were then stored at -80 °C after adding with glycerol (10% v/v). Complementary DNA (cDNA) clones were randomly selected for isolating plasmid DNA with alkaline lysis method. The isolated DNA was digested and insert size was identified by performing 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. In this paper, 3840 clones were randomly selected and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using M13 universal primers. The ABI 3730 capillary sequencer was used for automated sequencing of cDNA in order to generate ESTs. Results Two separate cDNA libraries were established with mRNA extracted from young leaves and fruits respectively. The average insert sizes for the leaf and fruit cDNA libraries were respectively 1.6 kb and 1.1 kb. The leaf cDNA library consisted of 2.4 Ãâ€" 106 clones and 2304 clones were selected for sequencing. Among 2.2 Ãâ€" 105 clones within olive fruit cDNA library, 1536 clones were sequenced. Therefore, altogether 3840 EST sequences were generated from cloned cDNA sequencing. In order to obtain high quality EST sequences, raw EST sequences were processed by using Phred software in which low-quality bases, vector, and adapter were removed. After processing, 106 low quality EST sequences were removed and the remaining 3734 ESTs were kept for contig assembly. Contig Assembly Program 3 (CAP3) was used to assemble leaf and fruit EST sequences into contigs. 205 contigs were generated from the assembling of 2228 leaf ESTs and 69 contigs were generated from 1506 fruit EST sequences assembly. The total numbers of contig and singleton that were established from these two libraries were 274 and 2478 respectively. Altogether 3734 ESTs and 249 high quality contigs were deposited in GenBank under the accession number GO242703 to GO246436 and EZ421546 to EZ421794 respectively. In order to designate annotation of the generated EST sequences, BLAST was performed on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) web server for searching gene homology. Six hundred thirty five EST’s unique gene sequences were found to have more than 80% homology with sequences of known function in the other species. Two thousand twenty four EST sequences have less than 80% homology to the expressed proteins, hypothetical proteins, putative uncharacterized proteins and unknown proteins in database. There are 1339 EST sequences that shown no homology with the sequences that exist in GenBank and about 96.9% of EST sequences that established in this study are different from that in the existing olive sequences database in NCBI. Therefore, these EST sequences can be considered as novel genes in O. europea. Besides BLAST analysis, gene ontology (GO) annotation was performed for the contig sequences generated from the ESTs by using Blast2GO. GO terms were distributed among the biological process, molecular function and cellular component categories.

Comparing Power in Cry, The Beloved Country and The Women of Brewster Place :: comparison compare contrast essays

True Power in Cry, the Beloved County, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, and The Women of Brewster Place      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The world sets out to disappoint man. There exists a constant battle in which man has to prove himself by rising up against inevitable pain and destruction. When the struggle we face will end is unknown to us, and remains a mystery. The question of why we are forced to struggle even goes unanswered. Yet to overcome everything trying to disempower man, all we need is love. Through endless possibilities we can both love and use this power to create something more, something so great it enables us to transcend those who try to disempower. Even though this love exists in so many forms and pervades every moment of our lives, the challenge remains to find it. In Cry, the Beloved County by Alan Paton, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Solzhenitsyn, and The Women of Brewster Place by Gloria Naylor, the characters depict our endless search for love and the power it carries with it.    Perhaps it is the innocence that lures man to them, perhaps it is even their helplessness that compels man to reach out to them, but whatever the cause, people so often find their love within children. Being with a child eliminates all other worries and pains of the world. Paton says as much when he declares, "Now God be thanked that there is a beloved one who can lift up the heart in suffering, that one can play with a child in the face of such misery" (Paton 62). Though Kumalo experiences continuing hardships on his trip to Johannesburg, nothing brings him greater pleasure than when he plays with the child of his daughter. "When he plays with the child, there is something that comes out of him so that he is changed" (Paton 118). Expressed even further is the love created with a child of one's own. Luciela Turner, of Women of Brewster Place, looks at her daughter as her only source of love that has ever come without pain, and the child brings her so much pleasure. "The p layful laughter of her daughter, heard more often now, brought a sort of redemption," Naylor says (96).

Interpersonal Communication Essay

First off, let me welcome you to a brand new world of love, care family bonds and holy matrimony. My name is Stacey Lindsey, and I am going to give you an idea of interpersonal communication is going to affect your lives, and the skills/knowledge you will need in order to find yourselves together and still happy 50 years down the road. Marriage today seems, to some, to be a fly-by-night operation. I stand here today writing you to let you know that this does not have to be the case. If you two are willing to take suggestions and follow a simple set of rules based on a healthy relationship built on proper interpersonal communication, then you have a chance to find yourself happy and in love for some time to come. Communication is the keystone to any strong relationship. In order to truly understand ourselves and our loved ones, we must first understand the way that we interact in our day to day intermingling. Explain the principles and misconceptions in effective interpersonal communications. In the text book Making Connections: Understanding Interpersonal Communication (Sole,2011), we are shown that there are six basic principles at plat regarding Human communications. First, we are told that communication is symbolic. Second, we are shown that communication is shared meaning. Third, communication is shown to be a process. Fourth, the argument is made that communication is culturally determined. Fifth, we are shown that communication occurs in context. Sixth, we are told that communication is purposeful. While these principles serve to explain the basic meanings behind how communications work, there will always be a basic misconception about how and what communication is meant to be. It is important, though, to remember that a basic set of principles guides us through understanding interpersonal communication. The use of symbols is widely believed to be what makes human language unique. A symbol can be anything that conveys a meaning, and it can be written, spoken, or non-verbal. Drawings, photographs, and music can be symbolic. Even objects such as homes, automobiles, clothing, and jewelry can be symbolic (Sole, Sn. 1.3, para 2.). Human beings have a unique ability to make almost anything stand for something, giving an almost endless ability to communicate. The fact the communication is shared meaning is the driving force behind the ability to visualize stories and information through shared language and symbols of our world. Our perception will directly affect how a story is communicated, so we must see these shared meanings as abstraction. Communication is a lifelong process by which we gain knowledge and experience, with which we sharpen our communication skills. Because this is an ongoing thing, we must continually work to maintain and build on the relationship we form. Communication is culturally determined, meaning that our cultures, or the way we eat, sleep, live and understand the world, affect the way we communicate. Many white americans idealize a dispassionate and logical mode of debating and problem-solving. In mediation this is expressed in maxims such as â€Å"separate the people from the problem† and the use of caucuses to cool down emotions (Fisher and Ury, 1981). In Black and White Styles of Conflict (Kochman, 1981) it states that African Americans construe a difference in communication style differently, and that â€Å"Blacks call this constraining mode of behavior fronting, and they generally regard negatively situations in which it is necessary to front†¦ All blacks consider fronting to be a strain†. Our ability to rationalize, our willingness to work things out, and our likely hood of finding common ground with someone we disagree with is greatly affected by our culture. Communication must be understood as a context driven subject. Where, when, and how we come to communicate is going to drive how we interact with others. Things such as our physical state, our mental well being, and the emotion surrounding a subject are sure to contribute to how we appreciate a communicated subject. It is important to remember that communication is purposeful. We do not communicate simply to make noise, but instead to share meaning and connect with others. Our needs are influenced and met through interaction with the outside world. These principles of communication guide us to understand the meaning and importance of human interpersonal communications and how we can communicate properly. There are misconceptions in interpersonal communication, though. The belief that we communicate only for our own good and that we will be unable to understand the meaning behind something without the proper context is wrong. We will find our way as we need be. Identify the barriers to effective interpersonal interactions. Competence, language, perception, and information are all barriers that can get in the way of effective interpersonal interactions. Any of these four barriers can cause an issue so great that effect communication is made impossible. All four parts must be met satisfactory if clear and concise communication is to be had. An article in the periodical Supervisory Management (1991) a situation is given that shows the proper way to get past barriers of effective interaction. â€Å"In order to make certain that you cover all aspects of a subject, you must take the time beforehand to plan what you want to say. In the case of an unsatisfactory employee, for instance, it’s not enough to know that his work has been slipping. Think about when you first noticed the problem, list examples of the problem on a piece of paper, and be prepared to explain what changes in the quality of performance you are requiring. Mentally go over the employee’s work history for the past few months to see if you can determine when they occurred. Pinpoint episodes that caused problems in the employee’s performance and prepare yourself to discuss them. Put yourself in the employee’s position and anticipate how he will react to what you are saying. Then try to prepare a proper response†. (Para. 4). All four barriers are avoided using simple tools. Competence, or having the knowledge to understand the subject, is taken care of by planning what you will say. The language section is covered by the same effect by known what you will say and how you will explain your thoughts. Your personal perception is a tough barrier to breach, but by listing examples of the particular problem on a piece of paper and taking that aspect of perception our of play, you effectively move forward. Lastly, the information that has been complied in order to present a clear and concise explanation of what is needed and how it can be done will avert any issues of this becoming a barrier. Averting the barriers that get in the way of interpersonal communication in its top form is going to give you a stronger relationship and a better avenue to share and learn about each other. Not allowing these four barriers to get in the way of your communication will leave an open line of communication to share your feelings and understandings of the world with one another. Recognize how words have the power to create and affect attitudes, behavior, and perception. Words are very powerful things. By uttering just the simplest word we can bring division and even hatred into a relationship. The miscommunication of language and can lead to misunderstandings, loss of clear communications, and at times, the end of a relationship completely. This does not have to be true. Understanding that words have power, and they can create and affect attitudes, behavior, and perception is a tool that will allow you to communicate to the best of your ability by understanding the power of your language. A word has the ability to represents can create a myriad of different emotions, feelings, and reactions. By choosing to use a word in one way, we find that we have affected another persons attitude, behavior, or even their perception of us/ ourselves. I, personally, noticed at a young age that my use of certain words in certain ways brought forth great emotion in the people around me. An example of this is the word â€Å"faggot†. I have never, and do not expect to ever, had an issue with homosexuals or their personal lifestyles. My use of the word described a person who did something extremely silly that I found myself unable to understand. Certain people would react angrily to the word, while others would accept it as funny and laugh away the misunderstanding around it. Sole (2011), tells us â€Å"Negative connotations often act s triggers to derail your interpersonal communication. We all have trigger words that create an immediate emotional reaction when we hear them† (Sect. 4.1). By understanding how we interact with one another, and how our words, and not only our actions, effect those around us as well as ourselves, we stand a chance of finding away to communicate effectively. Define emotional intelligence and its role in effective interpersonal relationships. In the text of Making Connections: Interpersonal Communications (Sole, 2011), emotional intelligence is defined as â€Å"The capacity to understand, communicate, and manage emotions and feelings and to understand and respond to the feelings of others† (Glossary), Emotional intelligence plays an integral role in effective interpersonal relationships. Without the skills mentioned we may never have a true understanding of what makes our loved one tick. We, as human beings, are a complicated lot. Our emotional make up is complicated, our ways of communicating are affected by an array of outside sources, and we can be tough to keep up with sometimes. If a husband is unable to sense a change in his wife’s emotional state due to something able to connect and communicate properly in order to find out what may be bothering her, he is doomed to fine himself alone, or worse, in an unhappy relationship. The ability to understand, communicate, and manage emotions will give a husband or wife the ability to make it through life a bit easier, as life will never be easy itself. Evaluating appropriate levels of self-disclosure is satisfying to a stable relationship. The quality and quantity of marital communication and disclosure had been linked to the level of perceived satisfaction within the marriage. Self-disclosure is one type of marital communication that has been identified as a key factor in this development. Although quality communication is defined differently from study to study, most agree that happy marriages and self-disclosure go hand-in-hand. Sharing private feelings, fears, doubts and perceptions is essential to self-disclosure and allows reductions with your mate will be. Once you mutually determine that you want to establish long-term relationship, disclosure continues and over time leads to more personal topics. Permitting one’s true self to be known can be difficult, yet to build a solid rapport in marriage it is imperative. The Risk of Self- Disclosure While self-disclosure can have many positive benefits; it can be risky, and can have negative consequences, true enough. Sharing information about yourself makes you vulnerable, and van be used to take advantage of you. However, it is the only way you can learn, feel, grow and have a meaningful, successful marriage. Broadly speaking, empathy as a form of self-disclosure, gives us the ability to feel for another person, to imagine oneself in the same situation, enduring those same experiences and emotions. Empathy is also something you both will have to learn; you must have the mental flexibility to put yourself in the shoes of the other person. Effective Interpersonal communication is often based on empathy, since interpersonal communication skills refer to how we interact with each other on a personal level. Whenever two people care about each other, as you do, they use many different interpersonal communication skills. Empathy is one of the most crucial skills that we have and can use on a daily basis. Listening with empathy can help you express yourselves and feel heard, as well. Learn to improve your self-disclosure. Empathetic listening will not only give you the ability to put yourself in another person’s shoes, but also provide a supportive listening environment. Neuroscientist Jean Decety, believes that empathy is even a mirrored emotion and that empathy is one of those human impulses that defy easy explanation. It gets entangled with sympathy or compassion or commiseration; it submerges into altruism. Empathy requires emotional control-the capacity to distinguish yourself from the other person, a gift invaluable to experiencing closeness in a relationship such as marriage. Describe strategies for managing interpersonal conflicts. Conflicts are sure to arise in any good, healthy relationship. Though this may seem odd, it is part of effective interpersonal communication. We must be able to discuss our feelings and needs, and at times, we have to argue about the importance of these needs or emotional situations. By listening, understanding and communicating effectively, you will find yourself in a place of understood emotions and happy campers. As a newlywed couple you must remember that life can only be as good as you make it. If you are unable to communicate effectively, you must look at the current situation and see if it is caused by personal error or a misunderstanding of how a relationship is supposed to work. If effective interpersonal communication seems to be impossible, maybe it is time to take steps towards a better understanding of what effective communication is, and maybe it is time to reexamine your relationship as it stands. To find your selves in a relationship that is healthy, open, full of free and exciting communication is the goal here. Good luck, and good night. Reference Fisher, Roger and Ury, William (1981) Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In. New York: Penguin Books, 1981 Kochman, Thomas. Black and White Styles of Conflict. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. 1981 Sachs, R. (1991). Overcoming the Obstacles to Communication. Supervisory Management. Vol. 36, Iss. 7; Pg.4 (found through ProQuest at Ashford. edu) Sole, K. (2011). Making Connections: Interpersonal Communication. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Ashford Student Library ProQuest Shared Talking Styles: Herald New Last Relationships

10 Things I Hate About You & Taming of the Shrew: Appropriation Essay

The historical and cultural contexts of Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew (TTS) and the 1999 film 10 Things I Hate About You (10TIH) differ exceptionally, resulting in the film’s expression of values unlike those expressed in Shakespeare’s original text. Shakespeare’s play was written during the Elizabethan era, during which the belief that men were superior to women was prevalent. This concept is centralised in TTS, through incorporation of a disputably misogynistic tone and the dominance of men consequently forcing Katherina into marriage and submission. In contrast, 10TIH, a modern film appropriation of TTS, largely challenges the values of Shakespeare’s play. It presents to its audience a high school love story appropriate to modern beliefs and sensibilities, emphasising the greater equality between genders and the power of women in the characterisation of the Stratford sisters and their interaction with their respective love interests and father. TTS reflects its 16th century European context in that its central theme is the dominance of men over women and society’s acceptance of it. See more: Foot Binding In China essay Whether Shakespeare intended to ridicule the misogyny and patriarchy of Elizabethan society is irrelevant; however, as his play is concerned with the two, it indicates that the social systems were firmly established. Katherina is forced into marriage that was agreed upon by Petruchio and her father, the governing force of their household. Her objections are nullified in the face of her lesser status as a woman and the authority her father and husband holds over her in age and gender. Dissimilarly, 10TIH is concerned with the power of women and youth. A modern film, it is directed towards a target audience of teenagers with modern views- which dramatically changed from the 1960s and onwards with the rise of feminism and youth. In this modern setting, Kat is able to exercise her non-conformist views freely. Though this isolates her from her peers, just as Katherina’s outspoken opinions isolate her, Kat is not oppressed as Katherina is. Kat is influenced by external factors that also contextualise the film’s setting; she mentions feminists Sylvia Plath and Charlotte Bronte, and is featured reading the former’s novel, Bell Jar, and the film applies ‘riot grrrl’ music ‘of the angry girl variety’, with lyrics such as ‘I don’t give a damn about my bad reputation’ to Kat in order to define her from the opening scene of the movie. That the film includes these elements of feminist material reflects its modern context of a society that is not unfamiliar with feminism. In this area it challenges the original text, where within the context of the Elizabethan era, Katherina’s rejection of her inferiority as a woman is unaccepted and repressed. As Hortensio mocks: ‘ ‘Mates’, maid? †¦No mates for you/Unless you were of gentler, milder mould’ (1. 1. 59-60), he manipulates Katherina’s reference to him as a ‘mate’- a crude man- to mean ‘husband’ in an attempt to silence her. Such repression- and that of Katherina at the hands of Petruchio- though exaggerated and outrageous, was acceptable and approved of in the context of Shakespeare’s play. Conversely, in the modern context of 10TIH, where there is greater equality between genders and greater liberty for children, similar repression would be unacceptable. These liberties are explored when Kat is able to ‘overpower’ her father in situations such as her attendance of Sarah Lawrence College. Here the film challenges the authority of Baptista, Walter’s model; where we see Baptista endorsing subjugation with no acceptance of objection within the Elizabethan context of TTS, Walter eventually recognises Kat’s will, acknowledging: ‘fathers don’t like to admit it when their daughters are capable of running their own lives’. The film does, however, in keeping with its modern context, suggest that the parent holds a degree of power of the children- a social role parallel to the Elizabethan context of TTS which contributes to Shakespeare’s rendering of Baptista as a domineering father. Nevertheless, Walter is unable to fully control his children’s love lives, with the film utilising his character as comic relief to convey this. In addition, the Stratford daughters ‘date’ rather than marry; these two factors are attributed to the film’s modern context where freedom of romance is valued. Such a value differs from the Elizabethan standard of having marital relationships set by the men involved- the husband, and the father. The concept of arranged martial relationships in TTS is atypical to the Elizabethan era, where dowries were also set, as seen in Baptista’s offer to Petruchio; ‘†¦half of my lands/And†¦twenty thousand crowns. ’ (2. I. 117-118). However, the social context of 10TIH sees the film expressing that the payment for wooing Kat is immoral- as opposed to a similar payment being expected by the husband in the context of TTS. This aspect of the historical and cultural context of the Elizabethan era is made clear in Petruchio’s enquiry of the dowry- ‘†¦if I get your daughter’s love, what dowry shall I have†¦? ’- as it is one of his first lines to Baptista, preceded only by his greeting. Similar to the manner in which it challenges Baptista’s authority, the film challenges Petruchio. Within the context of TTS, Petruchio’s ludicrous metaphoric objectifications of Katherina ‘she is my goods†¦my anything’ (3. 2. 118-220) are coupled with a firmer ‘I will be master of what is mine own’. Here he affirms that despite his constant jovial wordplay, he intends to assert his authority. 10TIH however, in keeping with its context of a society that values respect for women, features Patrick’s chivalry in the face of love. He does not assert a claim on Kat as Petruchio does on Katherina; and their love is confirmed at the end, whereas Petruchio and Katherina’s love is debatable. The disputability of their love lies in the final speech of Katherina. She utilises metaphor to express her acceptance of Petruchio’s dominance as her husband; ‘†¦thy husband is thy lord†¦thy sovereign’ (5. . 146-147). Her ‘taming’ reflects Elizabethan society; women that resisted male supremacy were- as was appropriate to the time- acceptably quashed. Approval followed in the words of Vincentio, a representative of society: ‘’Tis a good hearing. ’ (5. 2. 182). Kat’s taming, on the other hand, though also portrayed in good light, is based on the compromising between her and Patrick. They are two equal members in their relationship, unlike Petruchio’s dominance over Katherina after subjecting her to his taming methods and silencing her with his use of anguage. Language itself is an expression of the contexts of the two texts. The members of Shakespeare’s play use refined speech, and utilise wordplay to reflect their level of status and intelligence. The characters of 10TIH however, speak colloquially and swear, though their usage of wordplay carries similar connotations. Those that manipulate language- such as Kat and Patrick- are seen as intelligent and therefore ‘good’, whereas Joey ‘eat me’ Donner uses simpler language, projecting a poorer image of his character. This reflects the modern day context of the film; one of a society that respects and values intelligence. Furthermore, whilst characters such as Joey and Bowie Lowenstein are wealthy, they are portrayed as unattractive people, showing that the modern day society in which the film is set does not value wealth as the characters of TTS do within its context, as conveyed by Petruchio’s attraction to Katherina’s wealth as opposed to her person- which, in the Elizabethan era, was not inappropriate as it would be in the context of 10TIH. Overall, the storyline and themes of The Taming of the Shrew underwent a significant level of adaption for 10 Things I Hate About You. The four hundred years that spanned between the publication of Shakespeare’s play and the premiering of the film appropriation saw changes in social values regarding gender, status and youth that resulted in the film’s modifications of the original text, so as to be appropriate and entertaining to its 20th century teenage viewers; just as Shakespeare expressed the values of the Elizabethan era in order to be appropriate and entertaining to his audience.

Free Essays on Death And Its Social Implications

Death is the one social process that can be said is universal to all societies. However, what death actually means and the processes surrounding this transition are not so universal. Rituals are one way through which members process their grief and attempt to restore the social order back to their societies. The meaning of death: For the Merina, specific groups of people and specific areas of land are inextricably linked with fertility and the regeneration of life. For them, death is a time of mixed joy and sorrow: sorrow at the fact that they have lost a relative, but joy at the fact that the deceased will be regrouped with the ancestors. Therefore, the Merina funerary practices are centred around the theme of rejoining the ancestors and receiving blessing. The Lugbara see death as being the cause of an external and superhuman power – that of divinity. However, because women are associated with the power that comes from divinity, they are seen as the cause of death. Death disturbs the social order and their funerary rituals try to restore this order as fully as possible. There is also a distinction between physical and social deaths, which need not necessarily come together: e.g., in the case of the rain-maker, who undergoes a ‘social death’ at his time of initiation, when he has a full burial ceremony, and at the time of his physical death, his corpse is disposed of at night and in complete silence. The Cantonese show extreme ambivalence toward the physical remains of the deceased and they consider mentioning the subject of death as bad luck. The bones of the deceased must be preserved as they are essential to the well-being of the descendants but the flesh is highly polluting and must be dealt with very carefully. Hence, the Cantonese funerary rituals involve the managing of the pollution of death and to aid the successful transition of the deceased from a corpse to an ancestor. Males and females have their own speci... Free Essays on Death And Its Social Implications Free Essays on Death And Its Social Implications Death is the one social process that can be said is universal to all societies. However, what death actually means and the processes surrounding this transition are not so universal. Rituals are one way through which members process their grief and attempt to restore the social order back to their societies. The meaning of death: For the Merina, specific groups of people and specific areas of land are inextricably linked with fertility and the regeneration of life. For them, death is a time of mixed joy and sorrow: sorrow at the fact that they have lost a relative, but joy at the fact that the deceased will be regrouped with the ancestors. Therefore, the Merina funerary practices are centred around the theme of rejoining the ancestors and receiving blessing. The Lugbara see death as being the cause of an external and superhuman power – that of divinity. However, because women are associated with the power that comes from divinity, they are seen as the cause of death. Death disturbs the social order and their funerary rituals try to restore this order as fully as possible. There is also a distinction between physical and social deaths, which need not necessarily come together: e.g., in the case of the rain-maker, who undergoes a ‘social death’ at his time of initiation, when he has a full burial ceremony, and at the time of his physical death, his corpse is disposed of at night and in complete silence. The Cantonese show extreme ambivalence toward the physical remains of the deceased and they consider mentioning the subject of death as bad luck. The bones of the deceased must be preserved as they are essential to the well-being of the descendants but the flesh is highly polluting and must be dealt with very carefully. Hence, the Cantonese funerary rituals involve the managing of the pollution of death and to aid the successful transition of the deceased from a corpse to an ancestor. Males and females have their own speci...

3 Reasons to Buy Your Real Christmas Tree Early

3 Reasons to Buy Your Real Christmas Tree Early The weekend after Thanksgiving is traditionally when​ most Christmas tree buying occurs. The decision to delay buying your holiday tree can certainly be determined by personal reasons including family tradition, religious doctrine and a post-Thanksgiving getting into the Christmas spirit barrage of media hype. If you are not bound by any of these or other personal preferences, you might want to consider shopping for and buying a Christmas tree a bit earlier in November. Buying early will pay off with less competition for higher quality Christmas tree selections and could ultimately result in a fresher holiday tree  if properly displayed and watered. Here are some of the reasons to buy a tree early. The Best Trees Are Harvested Early   You should consider mid-November as the  time to plan and follow through on your Christmas tree purchase. Christmas tree farms typically open during the middle of November and start cutting trees for lot sales. These are commercial wholesale farms (who often sell high-quality trees out the front door) and smaller tree farms catering to cutting your own tree. These types of Christmas tree farms promote early sales in designated sections where Christmas trees are of age and in prime shape. Obviously, these areas yield better trees at the beginning of the season, and its when you need to plan your visit. Farms selling trees online actually insist you place your order early in November. Although pricey, Ive found holiday trees purchased on the Internet to be of higher quality than even the premium selects growing on a tree farm. These trees are the growers best of the season crop and harvested first. Farms that supply online broker/sellers or farms that actually sell online take the best trees of their  plantation. They will arrive in perfect condition and are stand-ready (some farms even provide temporary stands with the tree). Instead of having to pick the perfect tree, you have professionals select the best for your holiday season. Get a Better Quality Tree Mounted in a Stand Most people dont realize that many Christmas trees bought on lots were cut in early to mid-November. So, when these trees are not purchased until after Thanksgiving, the drying process is well advanced and needle retention is often compromised. You are just as well off, and in our opinion much better off, buying the tree early and following our recommendations on how to prepare it for optimum freshness over the rest of the season. Although you just might luck out and get a fresh tree late in the season, you should not consider yourself getting a fresh tree by purchasing after Thanksgiving weekend. You just get a lower quality tree (picked over) with shedding needles as you delay your purchase. The sooner you get your Christmas tree in a watering stand after cutting, the longer will be the trees needle retention. The above reasons are the perfect excuse to buy a tree early and enjoying it during the Thanksgiving season. You should not consider yourself getting a fresh tree by purchasing later. The odds are that you just get a lower quality tree with shedding needles if purchased in December.   Avoid a Short Buying Season   Every year is different when it comes to Christmas tree availability. Christmas tree sales in numbers can vary annually because some years will have less shopping days between Thanksgiving and Christmas than others. This means that tree sellers will be busy over a shorter period of time and you will not have as many days to shop for a Christmas tree. Natural disruptions (insects, disease, fire, drought or ice) can cause regional Christmas tree shortages which can make certain Christmas tree species hard to find. In any event, buyers need to plan and purchase early to pick from the best holiday trees on the lot.

A lost property Essay Example for Free

A lost property Essay ? A lost property is one which is found in a locality where it is likely that its true owner had no intent of placing it and the owner is not likely to find it. On the other hand, misplaced property is one which the true owner placed it somewhere and forgot to pick it up. Conversely, abandoned property is one which the true owner intended to leave somewhere due to the state it was in (Litka & Inman, 1983). This plane could have been termed as lost or abandoned. The collector of the airplane – Doug Chaplin, thus lost in the court ruling since the plane was a lost and found property (Stewart, Warner & Portman, 2008). The plane could have remained to be the property of Chaplin but since The Navy found it and because they are the true owners; they have a right to repossess it. Chaplin should have turned the plane over to the proper authorities. Moreover, if the owner does not go to claim it for a certain time period, then the plane could be reverted back to Chaplin (Warda, 2005). The plane was ruled to be belonging to The Navy even though Chaplin could have been rewarded for his effort to recover the plane. The court could also have ruled that the plane constituted an abandoned property and thus was supposed to be a property of the government of which The Navy was also part of the government. Chaplin could never win the case because the plane’s true owners were claiming it, in addition, the law holds that lost property should be returned to the owner. Even if Chaplin collected the plane as a relic, the plane still belonged to The Navy since under the common law of America, relics are entitled to their collector unless the true owner reclaims them. References Litka, M. P. ; & Inman, J. E. (1983). The legal environment of business: Public and private laws. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Stewart, M. ; Warner, R. ; & Portman, J. (2008). Every landlord’s legal guide. Berkeley, California: Nolo. Warda, M. (2005). Landlords’ rights and duties in Florida. Chicago, IL: Sourcebooks, Incorporated. A lost property. (2016, Sep 17).

In-house Network design vs. third party network design Research Paper

In-house Network design vs. third party network design - Research Paper Example Additionally, the method promises continuous and effective to the company. Firstly, since the department is part of the organization the personnel in the department have adequate experience with the company and have absolute access to its every department. This implies that they offer faster services owing to the unlimited access of the organization unlike a third party that will often seek permission to access certain aspects of the organization thereby resulting in inefficiencies and communication flaws. Â  The inception of the department as part of the organization further instils a spirit of patriotism in the employees. The freedom of interaction among the personnel of the department and those of other departments creates a seamless environment without resentment, as is the case with third party designers. The in-house department will integrate seamlessly with the other departments thereby creating a holistic organization with similar management structures. The patriotism within the members of the department will compel them to safeguard the interest of the organization thus availing their knowledge and skills for use in other departments should any need arise. However, this may rise issues of misuse since the management of the company may use some of such employees especially when they are not engaged in their professional work to run other tasks irrelevant to their professional. Depending on the nature of the information systems requirement in an organization, in house departments are often more cost effective.... The patriotism within the members of the department will compel them to safeguard the interest of the organization thus availing their knowledge and skills for use in other departments should any need arise. However, this may rise issues of misuse since the management of the company may use some of such employees especially when they are not engaged in their professional work to run other tasks irrelevant to their professional. Depending on the nature of the information systems requirement in an organization, in house departments are often more cost effective. This requires large organizations that need constant management of the information system. The departments may however prove expensive for smaller companies that may not have adequate finances to afford the personnel and the equipment. Information management employs automated programs that can easily operate automatically without the personnel. This implies that should a department employ more personnel, they will prove more co stly to maintain yet not directly productive. Most organization have often redeployed such personnel to other departments a feature that kill careers thus inhibiting personal growth. Additionally, managing the in-house departments thus becomes unnecessarily expensive for the company. Consultancy firms on the other hand are private companies that specialize in the creation and management of the information systems. A company in need of the services thus consults them with specific needs for which they charge an adequate amount and deliver the particular service before again cutting links with the company. Third party companies are effective since most all of their employees are experts with professional skills in the

The advantages and disadvantages about solar power in replacing the Essay

The advantages and disadvantages about solar power in replacing the original power (gas, oil) in United States - Essay Example In truth, most people, probably, do not even think about where their energy and fuel comes from until it is turned off. Few things do not require a power or fuel source, especially today, when that energy not available everything can begin to fall apart. Unfortunately, fossil fuel based energy sources commonly used bring with them serious consequences to the environment, as well as, not being limitless. The initiative to encourage power and fuel alternatives continues to be debated. The â€Å"go green† movement suggest â€Å"renewable† energy sources. Climate changes, continuing pollution, and the insecurity of the existing power and fuel sources are serious considerations. (Jacobson, and Delucchi 1154) Renewable sources may be exactly the solution that is needed, which includes the use of wind, geothermal, hydropower, and, particularly, solar power that could easily help secure a brighter future for the generations to come. Given the potential success and efficiency it is only common sense to investigate further and consider solar power, along with other â€Å"green† energy possibilities; feasible solutions to our modern energy needs. History Many researchers feel that the acquisition of and the ability to use fire, along with the development of language, is what, decidedly, made us human. It was, however, the understanding and utilization of fossil fuels that made us officially modern. As populations began to increase, in any given locations, the need to provide clothing, shelter, warmth, food, and transportation became paramount. Fossil fuels helped such large industrial populations to achieve that. Between 1880 and 1913, along with the natural born citizens, 60 million immigrants joined the population of the United States. (McNeill) As these growing populations in America continued to grow larger it became more and more necessary to engage in greater and greater usage of energies derived from fossil fuels. However, the abundant usage re sults in the excessive accumulation of â€Å"green house gases,† which is, generally, a mixture of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane. The green house gases literally change the chemical composition of the atmosphere and the harmful gases contribute to global warming. Researchers confirm that our planet’s surface temperature has, markedly, increased over the past two decades.(Mingyuan 359) This is a serious problem involving serious consequences. Not only are fossil fuels causing environmental damage it is, also, not an unlimited resource. Oil, coal, gasoline, the fuels and energy sources most are familiar with, are not going to be sufficient to meet the United States demand forever. Since the 1980s much research has been geared towards finding renewable energy sources that could wean us from our fossil fuel dependency in exchange for environmentally friendly, more reliable energy sources. There are multiple options within the parameters of renewable energy, bu t, the majorities agree that it is any resource that is naturally replenished by the earth or nature. Solar power, of all the environmental friendly green options, is probably, so supporters claim, the most viable and available renewable energy resource.(Mingyuan 356) Yet, as seen in the chart below, the United states has continued to rely on coal, petroleum, natural gas and, even, nuclear energy more than upon any of the renewable alternatives. The United States uses only a small fractions of the potential; at least in comparison of the to the usage of fossil fuels.("Solar") The sun, essentially, plays a huge part of what makes it possible to grow plant life to be harvested. Before

AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORLD BANK AND DEVELOPING Essay

AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORLD BANK AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES - Essay Example development, namely, means for a long and a healthy life, access to education and access to physical resources which help in a better sustenance of life (Sagar & Najam, 1997, p. 250). Human development thus, is multidimensional in nature, which is automatically served out of overall economic and social progress. The World Bank, however, had been actively involved in alleviating all elements which have been responsible for an underprivileged human life, through implementing investment projects in various aspects. Creation of the organization had been the consequence of the Bretton-Woods Commission held in 1944 following the World War II, to resolve issues such as financial insolvency arising out of depreciation in currency values. Developmental economics supports two approaches to prop up overall growth in an economy, namely, balanced and unbalanced. Though an external push is required in both the cases, in case of balanced growth, the effect is often considered to be a diluted one, which is why unbalanced growth is preferred more in nations suffering from a scarcity of resources.3 Unbalanced growth in fact, had been supported by a large number of economists. Rosenstein Rodan, the proponent of Big Push theory established the importance of unbalanced growth which he regarded to be essential f or the developing nations to break out of the low level equilibrium trap, i.e., for economies which did not have high growth potentials. These investments however, were emphasized for industrial or infrastructural development, which is considered as a fundamental area which can trigger economic growth. But given the lack of investible resources, it was not possible for the national governments themselves to carry on with their investments; in fact they had to seek the help of international organizations like the World Bank which were responsible for resource mobilization activities. The bank established in 1944, had been involved in such development activities hitherto, which

Managing Financial Resources in Health and Social Care Essay - 3

Managing Financial Resources in Health and Social Care - Essay Example Financial Management is therefore an important aspect which refers to the effective and efficient management of funds (money) in such a way that the objectives and goals of the organziation are accomplished. The department of finance requires the specialist functions that are connected with the top management at hierarchal ladder. Financial Management has been defined by Joseph Massie as the operational activity in a business organization which serves the purpose of obtaining the funds and utilizing them in an effective manner for the efficient business operations. Weston and Brigham describe this term as a domain of financial decision making that harmonizes the enterprise goals and individual motives (Weston, Fred and Brigham, Eugene, pp. 25-46). It is evident from the definitions that researchers and financial experts have recognized the purpose of financial management as an activity which pertains specifically to the planning, obtaining, monitoring, controlling and managing the funds or money in a business. It is a domain of business management activities within an organization that is dedicated to the careful selection and utilization of the capital and sources of finance for enabling a business organization to proceed into the direction of goal achievement (Weston, Fred and Brigham, Eugene, pp. 25-46). Thus, financial management involves the raising and allocation of capital judiciously. In order words, it is directly related to the concept of capital budgeting. Finance is the lifeblood of any organization. The financial management, until the period of 1960s, was considered to be of a descriptive nature in all industries along with its key role being to secure the financial requirements for fulfilling the operating objectives of the business. However, in the present era, the capacity of financial management contributes vitally to the management of any organization irrespective of its nature and structure. Now, the key

Should evolution be taught in the public schools Essay - 1

Should evolution be taught in the public schools - Essay Example While both sides have valid arguments, the argument for teaching evolution in public schools clearly trumps, because parents have a right to ensure that their child gets the best education possible, and a failure to instruct on evolutionary theory in the public schools clearly undermines this basic right. The theory of evolution, which states that species have evolved over time, is a theory which must be taught in public schools. Lerner (2000) states that there are good standards for what school children should know about the theory, depending upon the child’s grade. He states that children from grades kindergarten to third grade should understand that living things reproduce, and that the offspring may not be exactly like their parents. They should also understand that a living things must grow up or change before reproducing. Another fact that they must learn is that the earth is over four billion years old. When children are between the ages of nine and twelve, they should be taught about how evolution results in competition and survival between and within species, and the factors that go into species survival, such as environmental, predatory and temperature factors. They should also learn that species adapt to different environments, and that genetic variation results in mutations that may help species adapt to this environment. Also, the theory of natural selection should be understood. When a child is between middle and high school, they should know about such concepts as genetic drift, sexual selection and the complex interactions of ecosystems (Lerner, 2000). Evolutionary theory should be taught, despite the objections of religious individuals who object to the theory being taught, for a variety of reasons. The first set of these reasons address why the theory should be taught, despite the objections of

AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORLD BANK AND DEVELOPING Essay

AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORLD BANK AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES - Essay Example development, namely, means for a long and a healthy life, access to education and access to physical resources which help in a better sustenance of life (Sagar & Najam, 1997, p. 250). Human development thus, is multidimensional in nature, which is automatically served out of overall economic and social progress. The World Bank, however, had been actively involved in alleviating all elements which have been responsible for an underprivileged human life, through implementing investment projects in various aspects. Creation of the organization had been the consequence of the Bretton-Woods Commission held in 1944 following the World War II, to resolve issues such as financial insolvency arising out of depreciation in currency values. Developmental economics supports two approaches to prop up overall growth in an economy, namely, balanced and unbalanced. Though an external push is required in both the cases, in case of balanced growth, the effect is often considered to be a diluted one, which is why unbalanced growth is preferred more in nations suffering from a scarcity of resources.3 Unbalanced growth in fact, had been supported by a large number of economists. Rosenstein Rodan, the proponent of Big Push theory established the importance of unbalanced growth which he regarded to be essential f or the developing nations to break out of the low level equilibrium trap, i.e., for economies which did not have high growth potentials. These investments however, were emphasized for industrial or infrastructural development, which is considered as a fundamental area which can trigger economic growth. But given the lack of investible resources, it was not possible for the national governments themselves to carry on with their investments; in fact they had to seek the help of international organizations like the World Bank which were responsible for resource mobilization activities. The bank established in 1944, had been involved in such development activities hitherto, which

Should evolution be taught in the public schools Essay - 1

Should evolution be taught in the public schools - Essay Example While both sides have valid arguments, the argument for teaching evolution in public schools clearly trumps, because parents have a right to ensure that their child gets the best education possible, and a failure to instruct on evolutionary theory in the public schools clearly undermines this basic right. The theory of evolution, which states that species have evolved over time, is a theory which must be taught in public schools. Lerner (2000) states that there are good standards for what school children should know about the theory, depending upon the child’s grade. He states that children from grades kindergarten to third grade should understand that living things reproduce, and that the offspring may not be exactly like their parents. They should also understand that a living things must grow up or change before reproducing. Another fact that they must learn is that the earth is over four billion years old. When children are between the ages of nine and twelve, they should be taught about how evolution results in competition and survival between and within species, and the factors that go into species survival, such as environmental, predatory and temperature factors. They should also learn that species adapt to different environments, and that genetic variation results in mutations that may help species adapt to this environment. Also, the theory of natural selection should be understood. When a child is between middle and high school, they should know about such concepts as genetic drift, sexual selection and the complex interactions of ecosystems (Lerner, 2000). Evolutionary theory should be taught, despite the objections of religious individuals who object to the theory being taught, for a variety of reasons. The first set of these reasons address why the theory should be taught, despite the objections of

United States vs Mexico Essay Example for Free

United States vs Mexico Essay The United States of America and Mexico compare and contrast their differences when it comes to education, homeless rates, and their overall standard of living. The U. S and Mexico compare when it comes to homeless rates seeing as the numbers are increasing each year. As for education, Mexico lacks standard education, where as the United States has a higher standard for education. The overall standard of living in both countries is probably the biggest difference the two countries have. Mexico has many prosperous areas to it, but for the most part people who live in Mexico, live poor and on the streets. Children in Mexico usually have to get street jobs in order to help their families with poverty. The United States has its own level of poverty and economic issues, but Mexico has a much higher poverty rate and their money is worth less than the U. S dollar, making it hard to earn money from American tourists. These two standards of living are completely different from each other seeing as they both have different problems. Mexico and the United States share the same issues and values, but on different levels of greatness. The education in Mexico is very different from the education in the United States. They use different grade level systems and different national budgets for education. Both of these countries have successful educational programs, and have high standards. The grade level system Mexico uses is six grades in primary schools. Kindergarten is for the 5-6 year old age level. Then they begin first grade at 6-7 years old and sixth grade, which is the end of primary school, is for the 11-12 year olds. Then the Mexican students begin secondary school. Secondary school has three grades. First grade starts at age 12-13 and third grade is for 14-15 years old. Then they begin high school. This is called the beginning of middle higher education. High school, like secondary, has three grades. First grade is for 15-16 year olds and third grade, which is the end of high school, is for 17-18 years old. Finally the Universities take over. A bachelor’s degree takes four to five years to achieve, after that it takes two to three additional years to achieve a masters. The United States has a different education system than Mexico. Elementary school is from kindergarten to fifth grade, ages 5 to 10. Then it goes to middle school or junior high school which is grades sixth through eighth and ages 11 to 13. After that is high school which are grades ninth through twelfth which is ages 14 to 17 or 18. It is illegal in the United States not to go to school, but some immigrants do not have enough money to go to school. Most kids in Mexico do not go to school because of the money or because they need to work instead to help their family. America and Mexico have different laws and systems as far as the education systems go. There are over one million children in America who are not getting an education because they have no money and are also homeless. As many as 3. million Americans are homeless each year, one million being children. Most homeless people are families who have been thrust into series of unfortunate events that left them with no money. For those living in poverty or close to the poverty line, an everyday life issue that may be manageable for individuals with a higher income can be the final factor in placing them on the street. America can compare with Mexico because most people who are homeless in Mexico are families. Although Mexico has a lot of homeless families on the street, it has more homeless street kids. Six percent of children on the streets in Mexico are ages five to fourteen and about five percent of Mexicans are living on only $1 a day. There is a lot more people living in severe poverty in Mexico then there is in America, but it is easier for Mexicans to find cheap shelter, keeping them off the street. If they can figure out a way to make a few pesos, theyre free to do so. Some end up selling gum and bobble-headed toy turtles to tourists. Others hawk homemade tamales on local buses, with little fear of being turned in for a Food Safe violation. You see a lot more people on the streets of the U. S then the streets in Mexico, but people in Mexico are more vulnerable to poverty than people in the America. The United States in the past century has knocked down old apartments and turned them into million dollar condos, have knocked down shacks and banned beach camping, leaving people with just enough money to find food for their families on the streets. America has made it extremely hard to live with no money by over developing and knocking down the little shacks and old apartments when people do not have enough money to pay for the new higher end things. This has lead to many citizens turning to the streets or our parks for a home. There also is no way for them to make cheap money except for begging for it on the streets. Most people on the street do not even have money to buy crafts so they can make crafty nick-knacks to sell to the richer for profit. This makes the standard of living in America hard for people on the streets and for people who are very close to losing everything. Mexico has other options for homeless people which make it a little more sustainable to get by. Mexico still has abandoned sheds and shacks for people to live in and those people are able to sell the things they make to tourists. If you were to visit Mexico you may find little to no people on the streets because there are other more suitable places for these people. There are parts of Mexico that are developed and keep up with the industrialized world it is in, but there are also places that have not been touched by the modern world and stay untouched making it easier for more people to live. Mexico’s standard of living is easier in some cases and harder in others. Even though people find abandoned shacks to live, it is still extremely hard to survive in harsh living conditions. Mexico and the Unites States of America compare and contrast many issues and values. From what is explained above, most people struggle when it comes to money, education, and living standards. Some people go from having a house one day to sleeping on the streets with their families the next. Some kids have to work to help their families and some kids get the opportunity to get an education. Mexico and America both have education systems but with different grade levels and ages, they both have homeless citizens, but some conditions are worse than others, and they both have living standards that can be clean and dirty. Overall, Mexico and America both have equal comparisons to contrasts.

Constructivist and Liberalist Argument on State Shared Value

Constructivist and Liberalist Argument on State Shared Value According to realism, relations between states in the anarchical world is doomed to the state of constant conflict in which states can only count on themselves. Whatever cooperation exists in the world they prescribe it to the hegemonic order. This means that hegemon, creates institutions which facilitate cooperation but that these institutions are carriers of hegemonic interests and their existence is related to the existence of a hegemon. Representatives of liberal school deny the abovementioned argument and point at contemporary networks of cooperation in many fields which they see as a positive current in the world politic. Realists and liberals agree that the status of international system is anarchy and sovereign states make up the international order. As Alexander Wendt stated in 1992 in his article[1]: neorealists and neoliberals share generally similar assumptions about agents: states are the dominant actors in the system and they define security in self-interested terms[2]. As for the Liberals, they underline the importance of international institutions and cooperation between states thus placing a principle of the shared values in the center of state-behavior. Constructivist Argument According to Alexander Wendt, concept of power politics is socially constructed: If self-help is not a constitutive feature of anarchy, it must emerge casually from processes in which anarchy plays only a permissive role. This reflects a second principle of constructivism: that the meanings in terms of which action is organized arise out of interaction[3] Wendt views self-help as something not given by nature but instead, socially constructed. Having in mind the fact that power politics is socially constructed means that it can be transformed by human practice. Furthermore, constructivists look at international arena as a constructed structure which is built by socio-cultural practices, ideas, domestic and international interactions. According to Wendt, the basic tenets of constructivism are the structures of human association that are determined primarily by shared ideas rather than material forces, and that the identities and interests of purposive actors are constructed by these s hared ideas rather than given by nature[4]. According to the theory of constructivism the effect of anarchy on the state is proportionate to the states perception of anarchy, identity and interest. If in the state of Anarchy state A perceives the rise of power of state B as threat to its security, then a security dilemma is created and states apply to the self-help principle. But, if state A and state B view their security in the form of cooperation and collaboration, then a security dilemma is not formed, thus not establishing logical grounds for self-help principle to develop. Alexander Wendt in his article anarchy is what state make of it: The social construction of power politics states that: the nature of international anarchy appears to be conflictual if states show a conflictual behaviour towards each other, and cooperative if they behave cooperatively towards one another. Therefore, it is states themselves that determine anarchys nature.[5] Liberal argument Representatives of liberal theory agree with realists on a notion that international system is anarchical. But unlike realist, liberalism mitigates the risks coming from the nature of anarchy with cooperation and collaboration between states.[6]. While liberalism agrees on an anarchical condition of international politics, it provides three main mechanisms that can explain a state behavior in order to avoid the risks coming from the anarchy: consolidation of democracy, economic interdependence, and transtational institutions.[7] In order to mitigate the threats and risks coming from the anarchy representatives of the liberal theory believe that states should become more interdependent with each other. Shared democratic values and economical interdependence significantly reduces the risk of military confrontation between states. Free trade relations between states, which result in a close economic ties between its citizens, excludes the chance of military confrontation with each other. According to Michael W. Doyle: Wars occur outside the liberal zone because conflicts of interest are deeper there.[8] Liberalism also allows a probability of the world peace despite the anarchical feature of international politics. If the state behavior is prone to establishment of international organizations and institutions then this behavior may lead to the long term cooperation between the member nations which share the same values. According to the liberalism military conflicts are not inevitable but can be prevented through collaboration. The development of an international organization such as United of Nation, NATO and European Union are the examples of cooperation between states that could promote stability. A central claim of this theory is that once created, institutions tend to persist, because it is cheaper to maintain institutions than to create new ones. Therefore, when confronted with new sets of problems, states seek to modify an already existing institution to meet new challenges. Thus, institutional liberal theories have easier time explaining why NATO persisted after the end of the Cold War even when the enemy that it was supposed to counter disappeared. Liberalism underlines the significace of the shared values between states. The principle of shared values can explain state behavior as they create alliances and develop joint capabilities, rather than focusing only on the development of their own.

Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay -- Philosophy of Teaching Educatio

Teaching Philosophy Statement Teaching is a profession which allows one to influence many lives. It is because of this opportunity to touch lives that I have decided to enter the teaching profession. I understand that the benefits of this profession are mostly intrinsic as opposed to extrinsic, yet the thought of inspiring students to learn drives me closer to the teaching profession. Monetary gain from a certain profession is minimal compared to the feeling that at the end of the day you have touched someone’s life. To summarize, the reason that I am entering the teaching profession, is my conviction to touch lives. Full of life and well lit will be two ways of describing my classroom. Nothing is more depressing than working in a dimly lit room. I hope to fill the walls with a few bulletin boards and yet not make the room look crowded and cluttered. The clock will be placed at the front of the room so the students will be able to pace themselves and see it clearly. I will seat in a traditional manor but allow the students to sit were they like. Once in the classroom, I feel my teaching style will lean toward that of a traditionalist. If one was to ask any college instructor in America to compare the high school graduate of today with the graduate of twenty years ago, they would almost always reply, â€Å" The student twenty years ago was more equipped for college than the student of today.† Upon further exploration, I found that many college level math courses were taught in the eighth and ninth grades in the early seventies. What does this have to do with me being a traditionalist you ask? America has left behind many of the great principles of education which made this nation great. In general ... ...d of imparting that knowledge to others. When my student walks out of my classroom I pray that I change the way they view the world. My goal would be that each one feels my desire to enlighten them academically. Knowing that there are thousands of teachers out there doing there best in the struggle to educate, I still feel the urge to out and be the best I can be. Many of the old timers say, â€Å"Just wait until you get in the classroom with a bunch of thirteen year olds cussing and carrying on and whose parents don’t give a @!$#% and then we’ll see what’ll happen.† My reply to this is simply, â€Å"We’ll see, we’ll see.† So in every seminar I will attend or in every staff meeting I am part of, I will be a continual learner. I will be faithful and do what I love.Teach! Teaching with fire! Teaching with passion! Teaching with compassion! I want to be a teacher.

NELSON MANDELA Essay -- essays research papers

Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela is an African American leader who fought for the rights of his people. Through trials and tribulations he stood his ground and kept on fighting. Nelson was a born leader and utilized his talents at an early age. When he was younger he used to take care of his family and make sure everything went right through all the injustice that society bestowed onto his people. Throughout his life Nelson Mandela watched as his people were mistreated and with this in mind he decided to join the African National Congress in 1942. Nelson got involved with the {ANC} in a big way. He became one of the youth leaders on the National Executive Council. Nelson along with the other members of the {ANC} were making great strides towards justice and equal and liberal rights when Mandela was imprisoned for 6 months on the conviction of contravening the Suppression of the Communist Act. While in confinement Mandela started a practiced in Johannesburg. In the late fifties Mandela’s attention turned to the struggles of his people which involved exploitation of labor, pass laws, and the nascent Bantustent policy, and the segregation of open univers ities. Policies that wouldn’t let blacks go to the same universities as whites because it was a threat to the system grew and Mandela started to take action. In the process of trying to correct all the wrong doings that was happening to his people Mandela was the victim of various forms of repression, he was banned, arrested and ...

Research Methods in Psychology Essay

The purpose of the sections of a research article should start with a title, author, and contact information. The Abstract is next; this is a summary of the article. The summary provides an general idea of the article, which is helpful to establish if the article is significant to the reader’s investigation. An abstract will usually follow a regular format like APA or something that is similar. The author or authors in brief state why the research article is significant, the methodology, results, and concluding proclamation regarding the results. The Introduction would be how the authors explain the underlying principle for the study by illustrating what research has been completed in the past. A literature review supplies the reader with a outline of other research associated with the article topic, along with addressing questions that are unanswered or investigative need more research. Many questions are also introduced within the introduction, and hypotheses results are declared. Next are the Methods or methodology section. In this section the author or authors summarize how the research was performed. For example, sample, size, and a description of participants. This section will also show how participants were chosen for the study, what was measured and how, along with an explanation of how the data was evaluated. The next section consists of the results. The author or authors will show the research results along with any statistical analyses. Example can be tables, charts, and figures, along with a printed clarification. The Discussion section is the author or author’s explanation and understanding of the results in addition to an explanation of unforeseen results. Finally the conclusion and summary in many if not all articles will explain what the author or authors found and connect it back to the existing literature. Authors can recommend directions for potential research in the conclusion along with referencing back. The references is the last section of an article an lists the publications the authors have cited wthin the research article. References can help the reader critic the validity of the article and can learn more regarding the research topic (Cozby, 2009). What are the steps to critically evaluate research articles and how does the scientific method help you to do this? To critically evaluate research articles the research in the article must be clear in informing the reader of its aims. Terms should be clearly defined, even more so if they’re new or used in specific non-spread ways. You as a reader should pay particular attention should to errors in logic, especially those regarding causation, relationship or association. â€Å"A background in research methods will help to read these reports critically, evaluate the methods employed, and decide whether the conclusions are reasonable† (Cozby, 2009, p. 2). What is the importance of research in behavioral sciences? Today and in the past psychologists and many other professionals use observation to calculate human behavior to better understand psychological and biological processes, motivations, and individual personality traits. Human behavior may be understood through applied and academic science. Using the scientific method is necessary for statistical psychology. According to our text, the importance of research in behavioral science can be the description of the behavior, the prediction of behavior, determining causes of behavior, and understanding or explanation of behavior (Cozby, 2009, p. ). What is the relationship between applied research and basic research? Provide an example, from your selected studies, of how each contributes to the body of knowledge. Psychology became an actual science around the late 19th century, because of the interest of human behavior. Basic research attempts to answer essential inquires regarding the who what were when and why of behaviors. â€Å"phenomena such as cognition, emotion, motivation, learning, psychobiology, personality development, and social behavior† (Cozby, 2009, p. 0). An example article regarding a basic research article can be; â€Å"Artifactual seven-day cycles in spontaneous activity in wild rodents and squirrel monkeys† (Richter, 1976). This article determines the basic processes of activity in behavior and cognition of the mammals within the article. With applied research, this research is â€Å"conducted to address issues in which there are practical problems and potential solutions†(Cozby, 2009, p. 10). Applied research is any kinds of fact assembly assignment or ob that is performed with observing and applying the information found and will concentrate on a specific issue. Applied research can sometimes be simple and sometimes can be complex. An example of an applied research article can be as follows; Making things happen through challenging goals: Leader proactively, trust, and business-unit performance. This is considered an applied research article because it is focused on a specific issue or analogy which is; â€Å"proactive senior managers establish more challenging goals for their business† (Crossley, Cooper, & Wernsing, 2013, p. ). What ethical issues can you identify in the selected articles? How were the issues addressed or neglected? Both articles above did not have any ethical issues. Both did not harm anyone or any animals. Both articles above did not deceive anyone or any animal. Both had legal authority approval. However, as voluntariness, subjects within the wild rodent article could not volunteer because they do not have that option. The participants in the â€Å"Making things happen through challenging goals† article did have the volunteer option. Both articles did not comprise of plagiarism or misleading authorship. All data provided correct and up to date references and proper publication; this was provided at the end. Example of puplication: This publication is protected by US and international copyright laws and its content may not be copied without the copyright holders express written permission except for the print or download capabilities of the retrieval software used for access. This content is intended solely for the use of the individual user. Source: Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 98 (3) US : American Psychological Association pp. 540-549. Accession Number: 2013-03482-001 Digital Object Identifier: 10. 1037/a0031807 (Crossley, Cooper, & Wernsing, 2013). Identify three possible research topics that you might want to explore further as you go through this course.

Modern History Essay on USA Civil Rights Movement Essay

In the USA from 1865, when slavery was abolished and African American people where supposedly considered separate but equal by the constitution, to the 1960s, when the African Americans where actually considered equal, segregation practises where being endorsed throughout the USA. Segregation was the practice of separating the white Americans and the African Americans. Segregation occurred when the white Americans continued their upper status on the previously enslaved African Americans, therefore maintaining the African Americans status of repression. However throughout the later 1950s to 1960s American went through the Civil Rights Movement, in which the African Americans aimed for a desegregated society that maintained equality. Throughout the Civil Rights Movement many non-violent protests were held creating direct confrontation urging changes to be made within segregated social areas. Therefore non-violent direct confrontation was the successful means which helped to end segregation practises in the USA. Non-violence was the concept of holding a protest that was peaceful and did not retaliate to violence that was likely to be present. The most successful aspect of these protests was direct confrontation. This was when the African Americans would directly break one of the rules in public segregation, causing direct friction within the segregated society, to push the boundaries in which African American people where confined. The confrontation along with the friction created by these peaceful protests predominantly concluded with change due to the persistence of the African Americans. Despite the escalating violence that was waiting at the majority of the African Americans protests they continued, fighting for their civil rights as humans. One of the most supported organisations for African Americans, by not only African Americans themselves but also white Americans in support of desegregation, was the National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People (the NAACP). As well one of the most historically supported leaders of the NAACP, Martin Luther King’s virtues for desegregation was non-violent protesting. The increasing levels of support for the NAACP helped create mass protest to which those higher up within the government would be forced into acting upon to eradicate the chance of the protest escalating into a violent scene caused by the white Americans. Therefore it is clearly evident that non-violent, direct confrontation was a marginally successful approach to the Civil Rights Movement. Throughout the Civil Rights Movement the media played a major role in the method of non-violence in the ending of segregation. Although the African Americans had a great dedication to their protests they would not have been as greatly supported through these protests without the media. Television station camera men, reporters and photographers, where able to capture the violence and abuse directed at the African American’s, thus demonstrating the resilience of the protesters. Furthermore showing the general American public that in these situations of protests the aggressors where the white Americans and the treatment of the African Americans were unjust. Not only was this evidence of repression upon the African Americans displayed amongst the American media but also global media. Therefore effecting America’s superior reputation amidst the Cold War, giving the current enemy reason as to why capitalism was potentially failing and to their acquainted supporters and potential supporters. This global recognition for a Civil Rights struggle gave motivation to politics to act upon this situation to maintain their global reputation. Therefore the recognition of the African Americans repression and unjust treatment was national and globally recognised, thus gaining support from white Americans after this realisation. Hence the global realisation of this unjust treatment emphasised the need of social change to the government therefore giving some explanation as to the equality that becomes desegregation. Many of the non-violent protests African Americans undertook where simple acts however they caused extravagant aggravation due to racist view that the superior percentage of Americans had grown up amongst. One of the protests conducted by seven African Americans and six white Americans was abruptly ended when bus companies refused to carry them on further through their journey as they were confronted with a brutal mob that violently physically abused them and destroyed the busses that carried them. This protest was the Freedom Rides, protesting to desegregate bus terminals and associated facilities. However other protest groups pushed forward with the Freedom Rides continuing the journey and withstanding the violence until significant action was taken by the government. The desegregation for bus terminal and associated facilities was finally arranged after a major uprise in support for these freedom Riders. Much alike the Freedom Rides, Lunch Counter Sit-Ins were a peaceful protest than ended the desegregation of lunch counters. It started with the simple act on February 4th with of four African American college students sitting at a Woolworths lunch counter until the stores closing after being refused serves due to their race. This protest escalated in size and expanded rapidly due to the support it received. Over 50,000 people participated in one or more of the sit in’s within a year in over 15 different states and various cities. Due to the size and direct confrontation of this protest, abuse and violence erupted in many of the Sit-Ins encouraging the government to desegregate to maintain the countries reputation. Thus although many of the protests conducted where simple acts of rebellion for the African Americans the persistence of them where found confronting to the white Americans therefore resulting in change. Further on during the Civil Rights Movement it became apparent that many other organisations for African Americans gained further support, this including the Muslim religion and in particular those surrounding Malcolm X. Although Malcolm X’s and Martin Luther King’s values for the equality of African Americans differ, their main aim was equality with the white Americans. Malcolm X supported maintaining the separation of the races where as King supported the integration of the races in an equal society. Malcolm X was an activist of the Muslim religion; he focused in eradicating the repression on the African Americans that was being held upon by the white Americans, much alike Martin Luther King. However they differ as King’s protests were supporting the integration of the races and living peacefully together, were as Malcolm believed in the maintaining of the separation of the races. However as history has proven within American prior to the late 1950s that separate is not equal, as much as that may be the aim. Hence it becomes evident that Malcolm X’s protests didn’t succeed in the equality of African American, whereas Martin Luther King’s non-violent protests to integrate proved very successful. Therefore throughout the Civil Rights Movement many different protests where held, and many different organisations where supported however the most successfully was non-violence. These non-violence tactics as stated earlier, where the most effective due to the media coverage, persistence of the large quantity and direct confrontation. Without these aspects the non-violence practices for ending segregation within the USA wold not have been as nearly as efficient. Thus using non-violent methods as a means for ending segregation within the USA proved to be highly successful.

Animal Testing Essays (2581 words) - Animal Welfare, Bioethics

Animal testing is a popular and controversial issue that has sparked numerous debates between each side throughout the years. Animal testing is a form of experimentation that involves testing different products on all kinds of animals to see if they produce any side effects. These products could be make up, drugs, perfume, cleaning products and various other things. In certain countries, the law specifies that a new drug should essentially be tested on at least two different species of live mammal, one of which must be a large non-rodent. (Retrieved from www.buzzle.com on July 30, 2010.) The Animal act states that animals should not be used for testing of drugs if there is a realistic alternative available. However this has not stopped it from being done. Animals have been the test subject for anesthetics to prevent any pain or suffering during surgery on humans. Some of the testing performed on these animals has caused tumors and the results of the testing were found not relevant fo r any human. It has been found that a lot of the substances used in animals metabolize differently than they do in the human body. Therefore the results cannot transfer safely to patients. Lemon juice is one example of this finding; while it is not harmful to humans it is a poison to some animals. These tests are being conducted and are costing billions of dollars to perform and only a handful of them are providing any real kind of result. If you refer back to the question in our week two discussion of ?Is it ok to do an evil deed if the outcome could benefit others you can clearly see that in the case of animal testing the answer is no. They are not only wasting their time but they are wasting money on something that isn?t beneficial at all. These animals are being put through torture on the hope that ?something big? will come out of it. The acts these people are performing are inhumane and unjust. Proctor and Gamble is a large well known company and is also one of the companies that participate in animal testing. In 1989 P&G received a lot of press for their use of dogs as test subjects. Since then the company claims to only use rats, mice, rabbits and other small animals for testing. Retrieved from idausa.org on July 30, 2010. The company has not released any facts that support this but they still claim to have reduced their animal usage by up to 90 percent. The company has stated that they continue to look for alternatives to animal testing and feel they are using good scientific, ethical, and business sense with their actions. However they fought a deal in 1987 that would have done away with animal testing by their company all together. They also tried to convince people that testing on animals is humane and necessary. Retrieved from www.idausa.org on July 30, 2010. Proctor and Gamble makes so many of the products in today?s market and it is hard to compete. However there are many companies that produce the same products and do not participate in animal testing. The bottom line is this company would rather spend billions on advertising and promotion then on alternatives to testing. Looking for alternatives to testing does not benefit them the way that promoting their product does. People are not going to respond to an alternative to testing like they would to a cool new shampoo commercial. None of the tests that they perform are required by law and very few of them actually produce any results. P&G is just one of the many companies that tests it?s product on animals. Cosmetics companies are another key player in the animal testing field. Eye shadows are tested on rabbits to find out how much damage or irritation they cause. Sunscreen is tested on guinea pigs to see how much of an allergic reaction it will provide. Many of these big companies will hire outside companies to avoid any bad publicity for their company. Another unethical decision made by a money hungry company. These companies claim to be protecting the health and safety of humans with their testing. They claim these tests will prove